Cire Rufin Ruwa a Gidan Jirgin Ruwa

Thesufurin jiragen ruwa masana'antuya kai kashi 90% na cinikin duniya. Jirgin ruwa na duniya na yanzu ya ƙunshi jiragen ruwa sama da 100,000 na kasuwanci, gami da jigilar kaya,tankokin yaki, kwantena, kaya na gaba ɗaya, jiragen ruwa, da na fasinja. Kamar yadda aka kwatanta a hoton da ke ƙasa, jirgin ruwan fatake na yau da kullun ya ƙunshi wurare daban-daban kamar ƙwanƙolin ruwa, babban wurin taya, benaye, tankunan ballast, saman saman da manyan gine-gine, da cikin jirgin ruwa. Rubutun ruwa daban-daban suna da mahimmanci kuma an tsara su don kare saman jirgin daga lalata, zafi ko wuta, da kuma lalata. Tsarin sutura yawanci ya haɗa da yadudduka masu yawa: arigar fari, guda ɗaya ko fiye na tsaka-tsaki, da rigar saman.

A ƙarƙashin kariyar suturar, jirgi zai iya yin aiki har tsawon shekaru 20-30. Koyaya, lalatawar rufi da tsatsawar saman jirgin suna faruwa a lokacin jigilar ruwa, wanda ke buƙatar dage jirgin don gyarawa da kiyayewa a tsakanin shekaru 3-5. Yayin gyaran jirgin, abubuwan da ke cikin jirgin ruwa kamar mai, man shafawa, gishiri, kwayoyin halittar ruwa da aka makala, da slime, ana wanke su da ruwa mai matsananciyar matsa lamba, sannan ana cire tsatsa da abin rufe fuska ta tabo ko tsaftacewa.

Abrasive tsãwa (watau grit tsãwa) yana amfani da matsa lamba iska, matsa lamba na ruwa, ko centrifugal da ƙarfi don motsa wani babban sauri na wani abu mai ƙura a saman don cire tsatsa, sikelin niƙa, datti, da tsoffin fenti, da ƙirƙirar ƙasa mara kyau. bayanin martaba. Rashin fashewar fashewar fashewar abubuwa yana kawar da gurɓataccen ƙasa da sutura ba tare da amfani da abrasives ba. Duk da haka, ba zai iya ƙirƙirar bayanin martaba ba, sabili da haka, ana amfani da shi da farko don tsohon bayanin martaba maimakon sababbin sassan karfe.

Shekaru da yawa, busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun sun kasance hanyar da ta fi dacewa da tattalin arziƙin da ake amfani da su a kan manyan filaye don cire tsoffin fenti, tsatsa, da sauran ƙazanta. Hoto (a) yana misalta hanyar aiki mai sauƙi na mafi yawan amfani da iska mai fashewa, inda ake amfani da matsewar iska don isar da abubuwa masu ɓarna zuwa wurin aiki. Ana amfani da buɗaɗɗen iska a cikin buɗaɗɗen iska saboda tasoshin sun yi girma sosai don wurin cikin gida. Kafofin watsa labaru masu ƙyalli kamar ma'adanai na halitta (misali, garnet da olivine), grits na ƙarfe, ƙwal ɗin kwal, slag na jan ƙarfe, da sauran ƙarfe-ƙarfe an yi amfani da su sosai bayan hana yashin silica saboda silicosis.. A cikin wannan tsari, ana haifar da ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan sharar gida, wanda ya ƙunshi gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu da guntun fenti. Bugu da ari, busasshen busassun busassun busassun iska yana da ƙalubalen ƙalubale dangane da bin ka'idojin lafiya da muhalli na jiha da na gida. Don haka, an saka hannun jari don rage fitar da ƙura, ciki har da aikace-aikacen fashewar ƙura, amfani da abubuwan hana ƙura., da kuma ci gaban (Semi-) tsarin atomatik. Dokokin gwamnati da na gida suna ƙara ƙuntata amfani da busasshen busasshen iska, ta yadda za su ƙarfafa haɓaka sabbin hanyoyin fasaha kamar neman hanyoyin watsa labarai da dabaru daban-daban.

An samar da hanyoyin fashewar rigar don rage fitar da kura da samar da sharar gida. Hanyoyin lalata da rigar da ake amfani da su a cikin masana'antar gyaran jiragen ruwa za a iya raba su zuwa nau'i biyu: iska mai fashewar iska tare da ƙari na ruwa (watau fashewar tururi ko slurry blasting), da kuma fashewar ruwa tare da ƙari (watau hydraulic blasting). A cikin hydraulic blasting (Photo (b)), ruwa mai matsa lamba (200-700 bar) ana amfani da shi don fitar da abrasives zuwa saman. Sabanin haka, a cikin fashewar slurry (Photo (c)), ƙaƙƙarfan abrasives da aka rataye a cikin ruwa ana hasashe a cikin babban gudu ta jet na matsewar iska, ko ƙasa da haka, babban famfo centrifugal. Idan aka kwatanta da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa, slurry fashewashine 'mai laushi', cimma kyakkyawan ƙarewa, kuma yana da ƙarancin amfani da ruwa. Koyaya, idan aka kwatanta da hanyar bushewa mai bushewa, duka fasahohin biyu suna haifar da ƙarin rafi na sharar gida, watau, ruwan sharar gida.

Wata shahararriyar hanyar fashewar jika ita ce fashewar ruwa ba tare da wani abin gogewa ba, wanda ake kira jetting ruwa. Jirgin ruwa mai matsananciyar matsa lamba (UHP) yana ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin shirya saman ƙasa mafi saurin girma da ake amfani da shi a cikin yadudduka na gyaran jirgi. A cikin jetting ruwa na UHP (Photo (d)), famfo na UHP yana matsa ruwan ruwa zuwa matsananciyar matsananciyar matsananciyar matsa lamba (yawanci 2000 bar aƙalla) stream sannan ya wuce ta cikin nozzles na rotary tare da ƙananan kofuna, yana samar da rafi mai ƙarfi don cire tsofaffin fenti, tsatsa, da sauran gurɓataccen ƙasa. Yawancin tsarin ana sanye shi da tsarin tsotsa ruwa don tattara ruwan sharar gida da guntun fenti. Ba tare da yin amfani da kafofin watsa labaru na abrasive ba, yawan sharar da aka haifar yana raguwa sosai. Duk da haka, tsarin sake yin amfani da ruwa a wurin yana da mahimmanci don dorewar amfani da ruwa mai daɗi.

Wasu fasahohi kamar busassun busasshen ƙanƙara, cryogenic N₂jetting, plasma depainting, da Laser depainting an ɓullo da kuma ana ƙara amfani a cikin shafi cire tsari don rage sharar gida samar.

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