Isingeniso seUkuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi

Itemu elithi sandblasting lichaza ukuqhumisa izinto ezilimazayo endaweni ethile ngokusebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe. Nakuba i-sandblasting ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengegama lesambulela lazo zonke izindlela zokuqhumisa ama-abrasive, kuyahluka ekuqhumeni kwesibhamu lapho imidiya ehubhukayo iqhutshwa isondo elijikelezayo.

I-sandblasting isetshenziselwa ukususa upende, ukugqwala, imfucumfucu, imihuzuko kanye nezimpawu zokuphonsa endaweni kodwa futhi ingafinyelela umphumela ophambene ngokuqopha izindawo ukuze kwengeze ukuthungwa noma ukuklama.

Isihlabathi asivamile ukusetshenziswa ekuqhumeni isihlabathi namuhla ngenxa yezingozi zezempilo kanye nezinkinga ezihlobene nokuqukethwe komswakama. Ezinye izindlela ezifana negrit yensimbi, ubuhlalu bengilazi ne-aluminium oxide manje seziyathandwa phakathi kwezinye izinhlobo eziningi zemidiya yokudubula.

I-Sandblasting isebenzisa umoya ocindezelwe ukuze iqhube izinto ezilimazayo, ngokungafani nokuqhuma kwesibhamu, okusebenzisa isistimu yokuqhuma kwamasondo namandla aphakathi nendawo ukuze kuqhutshwe.

Kuyini I-Sandblasting?

I-sandblasting, evame ukubizwa nangokuthi i-abrasive blasting, indlela esetshenziselwa ukususa ukungcoliswa kwendawo, bushelelezi izindawo ezimahhadlahhadla, futhi ziphinde zibe roughen izindawo ezibushelelezi. Lena indlela engabizi kakhulu ngenxa yemishini yayo engabizi, futhi ilula ngenkathi iletha imiphumela yekhwalithi ephezulu.

I-sandblasting ithathwa njengendlela elula yokuqhumisa umhuzuko uma kuqhathaniswa nokudubula. Kodwa-ke, ukuqina kungahluka kuye ngohlobo lwemishini yokuqhumisa isihlabathi, ukucindezela komoya ocindezelwe, kanye nohlobo lwemidiya ehubhuzayo esetshenziswayo.

I-Sandblasting inikeza ukukhethwa okubanzi kwezinto zokubra ezisebenza kahle ezinhlelweni ezihlukene, ezifana nokususa upende nokungcoliswa kwendawo okulula kakhulu. Inqubo futhi ilungele ukuhlanza izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi ezibucayi nezixhumi ezigqwalile kahle. Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-sandblasting ezidinga amandla amakhulu okuqhumisa abrasive zingasebenzisa ukulungiselelwa komfutho ophezulu kanye nemidiya yokudutshulwa elimaza kakhulu.

Isebenza Kanjani Inqubo Ye-Sandblasting?

Inqubo ye-sandblasting isebenza ngokuqhubezela imidiya ye-sandblasting endaweni ethile ngokusebenzisa i-sandblaster. I-sandblaster inezingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko: ibhodwe lokuqhuma kanye nokungenisa umoya. Ibhodwe eliqhumayo libamba imidiya eqhumayo futhi lifake izinhlayiya ngevalvu. Ukungena komoya kunikwa amandla yi-compressor yomoya efaka ingcindezi kumidiya ngaphakathi kwegumbi. Iphuma ku-nozzle ngesivinini esikhulu, ibe nomthelela ongaphezulu ngamandla.

I-sandblast ingasusa imfucumfucu, ihlanze izindawo, isuse upende, futhi ithuthukise isiphetho sezinto ezibonakalayo. Imiphumela yayo incike kakhulu ohlotsheni lwe-abrasive kanye nezakhiwo zayo.

Imishini yesimanje ye-sandblast inesistimu yokubuyisela eqoqa imidiya esetshenzisiwe futhi igcwalise kabusha ibhodwe lokuqhuma.

Izinsiza zokuqhumisa isihlabathi

I-Compressor - I-compressor (90-100 PSI) inikeza umoya ocindezelweyo ohambisa imidiya e-abrasive ebusweni bento. Ingcindezi, ivolumu, namandla ehhashi kuvame ukuba yizici ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa i-sandblasting compressor efanele.

I-Sandblaster - I-Sandblasters (18-35 CFM - cubic feet ngomzuzu) iletha imidiya ehubhukayo ezintweni kusetshenziswa umoya ocindezelwe. Ama-sandblasters asezimbonini adinga izinga eliphezulu lokugeleza kwevolumu (50-100 CFM) njengoba enendawo enkulu yokufaka isicelo. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu zama-sandblasters: i-gravity-fed, i-pressure blasters (ingcindezi enhle), ne-siphon sandblasters (ingcindezi engalungile).

Ikhabhinethi yokuqhuma - Ikhabhinethi eqhumayo iyisiteshi sokuqhuma esiphathwayo esiwuhlelo oluvalekile oluncane noluhlangene. Ivamise ukuba nezingxenye ezine: ikhabethe, isistimu yokuqhunyiswa kwe-abrasive, ukugaywa kabusha, nokuqoqwa kothuli. Amakhabethe aqhumayo asebenza ngokusebenzisa izimbobo zamagilavu ​​ezandleni zomqhubi kanye ne-foot pedal yokulawula ukuqhuma.

UkuqhumaIgumbi - Igumbi eliqhumayo liyindawo ekwazi ukuhlalisa izinhlobonhlobo zemishini evame ukusetshenziselwa izinjongo zokuthengisa. Izingxenye zendiza, izinto zokwakha, kanye nezingxenye zezimoto zingaqhunyiswa kahle endaweni yokuqhuma.

Uhlelo lokubuyisela ukuqhuma - Imishini yesimanje yokuqhumisa isihlabathi inezinhlelo zokubuyisela ukuqhuma ezibuyisela imidiya ye-sandblasting. Iphinde isuse ukungcola okungase kubangele ukungcoliswa kwemidiya.

I-Cryogenic deflashing system - Amazinga okushisa aphansi avela ezinhlelweni ze-cryogenic deflashing avumela ukuchithwa okuphephile kwezinto, njenge-diecast, i-magnesium, ipulasitiki, irabha, ne-zinc.

Imishini yokuqhuma okumanzi - Ukuqhuma okumanzi kufaka amanzi kumithombo yezindaba eqhumayo ukuze kuncishiswe ukushisa ngokweqile ngenxa yokungqubuzana. Futhi iyindlela yokuhuzuka ethambile uma iqhathaniswa nokuqhuma okomile njengoba ikhuhla kuphela indawo okuhloswe ngayo kucezu lokusebenza.

I-Sandblasting Media

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, izinhlobo zangaphambili ze-sandblasting ngokuyinhloko zazisebenzisa isihlabathi ngenxa yokutholakala kwaso, kodwa zinezihibe zaso ngesimo sokuqukethwe komswakama kanye nokungcola. Okukhathaza kakhulu ngesihlabathi njenge-abrasive ingozi yezempilo. Ukuhogela izinhlayiya zothuli lwe-silica ezivela esihlabathini kungabangela izifo ezinzima zokuphefumula, okuhlanganisa i-silicosis nomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ngakho-ke, namuhla isihlabathi asisavamile ukusetshenziswa futhi inqwaba yezinto zesimanje ezihuquzelayo sezithathelwe indawo yaso.

Imidiya eqhumayo iyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ufuna ukuphelelaphi noma isicelo. Eminye imidiya yokuqhumisa ejwayelekile ihlanganisa:

I-Aluminium oxide grit (8-9 MH – Isikali sokuqina kwe-Mohs) – Le nto eqhumayo ibukhali kakhulu elungele ukulungiswa nokwelashwa kwendawo. Ibiza kakhulu njengoba ingasetshenziswa kabusha izikhathi eziningi.

I-Aluminium silicate (i-coal slag) (6-7 MH) – Lo mkhiqizo wezitshalo zamandla aphehlwa ngamalahle ungumthombo wezindaba oshibhile futhi ongasetshenziswa. Imboni kawoyela neyendawo yemikhumbi iyisebenzisa emisebenzini yokuqhuma okuvulekile, kodwa inobuthi uma ibekwe endaweni ezungezile.

Igrit yengilazi echotshoziwe (5-6 MH) – Ukuqhuma kwegrit yengilazi kusebenzisa ubuhlalu bengilazi obugaywe kabusha obungenabo ubuthi futhi obuphephile. Le midiya yokuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi isetshenziselwa ukususa ama-coatings kanye nokungcola ezindaweni ezingaphezulu. Igridi yengilazi echotshoziwe nayo ingasetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo ngamanzi.

I-Soda (2.5 MH) - Ukuqhuma kwesoda ye-bicarbonate kusebenza kahle ekususeni ukugqwala kwensimbi nokuhlanza ngaphandle kokulimaza insimbi ngaphansi. I-sodium bicarbonate (i-baking soda) iqhutshwa ngengcindezi ephansi engu-20 psi uma kuqhathaniswa nokuqhuma kwesihlabathi okuvamile ku-70 kuya ku-120 psi.

I-steel grit & steel shot (40-65 HRC) - Izixube zensimbi zisetshenziselwa izinqubo zokulungiswa kwendawo, njengokuhlanza nokushumeka, ngenxa yekhono lawo lokukhumula ngokushesha.

I-Staurolite (7 MH) - Le midiya yokuqhuma i-silicate yensimbi nesihlabathi se-silica esilungele ukususa izindawo ezincane ngokugqwala noma izimbotshana. Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukwakhiwa kwensimbi, ukwakhiwa kombhoshongo, kanye nemikhumbi emincane yokugcina izinto.

Ngaphezu kwemidiya eshiwo ngenhla, kuningi okutholakalayo. Kungenzeka ukusebenzisa i-silicon carbide, okuwumthombo wezindaba onzima kunayo yonke otholakalayo, kanye nezithombe eziphilayo, njengamagobolondo e-walnut nezikhwebu zombila. Kwamanye amazwe, isihlabathi sisasetshenziswa nanamuhla, kodwa lo mkhuba uyangabazeka njengoba ubungozi bezempilo bungathetheleleki.

I-Shot Media Properties

Uhlobo ngalunye lwemidiya ethwebulayo lunalezi zici ezi-4 eziyinhloko opharetha abangazicabangela lapho bekhetha ukuthi basebenzise ini:

Ukuma - Imidiya ye-Angular inemiphetho ebukhali, engavamile, eyenza iphumelele ekususeni upende, isibonelo. Imidiya ezungezayo ilume kancane kunemidiya engama-angular futhi ishiya ukubukeka okupholishiwe.

Usayizi - Osayizi abajwayelekile bemeshi be-sandblasting bangama-20/40, 40/70, kanye no-60/100. Amaphrofayili ama-mesh amakhudlwana asetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa okunolaka kuyilapho amaphrofayili amancane anezikhala ewokuhlanza noma ukupholishwa ukuze kukhiqizwe umkhiqizo oqediwe.

Ukuminyana - Imidiya enokuminyana okuphezulu izoba namandla engeziwe endaweni yensimbi njengoba iqhutshwa ipayipi eliqhumayo ngesivinini esingaguquki.

Ukuqina - I-abrasi eqinileama-ves akhiqiza umthelela omkhulu endaweni yephrofayela uma kuqhathaniswa nama-abrasive athambile. Ukuqina kwemidiya ngezinjongo zokuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi kuvame ukukalwa ngesilinganiso sokuqina kwe-Mohs (1-10). I-Mohs ikala ubulukhuni bamaminerali nezinto zokwenziwa, okubonisa ukumelana nokuklwebheka kwamaminerali ahlukahlukene ngokusebenzisa ikhono lezinto eziqinile zokuklwebha izinto ezithambile.